: The Japanese Idol Model —which relies on "spiritual consumption" and "virtual love"—has become a template for entertainment industries across Asia, including China [21]. 2. Anime as "Cultural Trade" & Soft Power
The industry is infamous for . Animators are paid per drawing, often earning below the poverty line, while production committees ( Seisaku Iinkai )—comprising TV stations, ad agencies, and toy companies—hoard the profits. : The Japanese Idol Model —which relies on
: Exposure to Japanese pop culture significantly changes how international audiences, particularly Gen Z and millennials, perceive social order and cultural identity [19, 34]. 3. The Future: Beyond Mass Production often earning below the poverty line