To understand the download dilemma, one must first appreciate the technology. Asus coined “Dual Intelligent Processors” to describe a secondary microcontroller on the motherboard, separate from the main CPU. The first “intelligent processor” was the EPU (Energy Processing Unit), which monitored system load and dynamically adjusted power phases to save energy. The second was the TPU (TurboV Processing Unit), a hardware accelerator for real-time overclocking. By the fifth generation, the suite had expanded to include the Digi+ VRM (voltage regulation), the Turbo App (per-application clock prioritization), and even fan control via the Fan Xpert 3 module.